Namuhla, ukuxilongwa kwephutha kwama-rolling bearings kuma-gearbox kwethulwa ngokuningiliziwe.Isimo sokusebenza kuka-gearbox sivamise ukuba nomthelela ngqo ekutheni imishini yokudlulisa ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile yini.Phakathi kokuhluleka kwezingxenye kuma-gearbox, amagiya nama-bearing anengxenye enkulu yokwehluleka, afinyelela ku-60% no-19% ngokulandelana.

Isimo sokusebenza kuka-gearbox sivamise ukuba nomthelela ngqo ekutheni imishini yokudlulisa ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile yini.Ama-gearbox ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amagiya, ama-rolling bearings, shafts nezinye izakhi.Ngokwezibalo, phakathi kwamacala okufeyila kwama-gearbox, amagiya nama-bearings enza ingxenye enkulu yokwehluleka okungu-60% no-19% ngokulandelana.Ngakho-ke, ukwehluleka kwe-gearbox Ucwaningo lokuxilonga lugxile ezindleleni zokwehluleka nezindlela zokuxilonga zamagiya nama-bearings.

Njengokuxilongwa kwephutha kwama-bearings aginqikayo kuma-gearbox, inamakhono athile kanye nezici ezithile.Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwasensimini, ukutholwa kwamaphutha okugingqika kuma-gearbox kuqondwa ngendlela yokuxilongwa yobuchwepheshe bokudlidliza.

Qonda ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwe-gearbox kanye nezici zokwehluleka ukuthwala

Kufanele wazi ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwebhokisi lika-gearbox, njengokuthi igiya likuyiphi imodi, mangaki ama-shaft okudlulisela akhona, yimaphi ama-bearings ku-shaft ngayinye, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zama-bearings.Ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi ama-shafts namagiya anesivinini esikhulu futhi esindayo kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuhlelwa kwamaphoyinti okulinganisa;ukwazi isivinini semoto, inani lamazinyo kanye nesilinganiso sokudlulisela segiya ngalinye lokudlulisela kungasiza ekunqumeni imvamisa yeshaft ngayinye yokudlulisela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zokwehluleka ukuthwala kufanele zicace.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, imvamisa ye-meshing yegiya iwukuphindaphinda okubalulekile kwenombolo yamagiya kanye nemvamisa yokuzungezisa, kodwa imvamisa yesici sokuthwala ukwehluleka akuyona ukuphindaphinda okubalulekile kwefrikhwensi yokujikeleza.Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwebhokisi le-gearbox kanye nezici zokwehluleka ukuthwala kuyisidingo sokuqala sokuhlaziywa okulungile kokuhluleka kwe-rolling bearing kuma-gearbox.

Zama ukukala ukudlidliza usuka ezindleleni ezintathu: okuvundlile, mpo kanye ne-axial

Ukukhethwa kwamaphoyinti okulinganisa kufanele kucabangele izikhombisi-ndlela ze-axial, ezivundlile neziqondile, kanye nesilinganiso sokudlidliza ezinkomba ezintathu kungenzeka singenziwa kuzo zonke izindawo.Ebhokisini le-gearbox elinesinki yokushisa, indawo yokulinganisa ye-shaft yokufaka ayilula ukuyibona.Ngisho noma amanye ama-bearings abekwe phakathi nendawo, ukudlidliza kwezinye izindawo akulula ukukukala.Ngalesi sikhathi, isiqondiso sephuzu lokulinganisa singasethwa ngokukhetha.Kodwa-ke, ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile, ukukala kokudlidliza ezindleleni ezintathu ngokuvamile kwenziwa.Naka ukunaka okukhethekile ukuthi ungazibi ukulinganisa kwe-axial vibration, ngoba amaphutha amaningi ebhokisini legiya azodala izinguquko kumandla okudlidliza kwe-axial kanye nemvamisa.Ukwengeza, amasethi amaningi edatha yokudlidliza endaweni efanayo yokulinganisa anganikeza idatha eyanele yokuhlaziywa nokunqunywa kwejubane leshafu yokudlulisela, futhi athole ireferensi eyengeziwe ukuze kuxilongwe ukuthi yikuphi ukwehluleka ukuthwala okubi kakhulu.

Cabangela kokubili ukudlidliza kwefrikhwensi ephezulu nephansi

Isignali yokudlidliza ye-gearbox iqukethe izinto ezifana nemvamisa yemvelo, imvamisa yokuzungeza ye-shaft yokudlulisela, imvamisa ye-gear meshing, imvamisa yesici sokwehluleka ukuthwala, umndeni wokuguqula imvamisa, njll., kanye nebhendi yayo yefrikhwensi ibanzi.Lapho uqapha futhi uxilonga lolu hlobo lokudlidliza kwengxenye ye-Broadband frequency, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ngebhendi yefrikhwensi, bese ukhetha ububanzi bokulinganisa obuhambisanayo kanye nenzwa ngokuya ngamabanga ahlukahlukene.Isibonelo, izinzwa zokusheshisa imvamisa ephansi ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa kumabhendi amafrikhwensi aphansi, futhi izinzwa zokusheshisa ezijwayelekile zingasetshenziswa kumabhendi amafrikhwensi aphezulu.

Kala ukudlidliza ngangokunokwenzeka phezu kwezindlu ezithwele lapho shaft ngayinye yokushayela ikhona

Ezindaweni ezihlukene kugearbox wezindlu, impendulo yesikhuthazi esifanayo ihlukile ngenxa yezindlela ezihlukene zokudlulisa amasignali.I-bearing housing lapho kutholakala khona i-gearbox transmission shaft izwela ukudlidliza kwe-bearing.Iphoyinti lokuqapha libekwe lapha ukuze lithole kangcono isignali yokudlidliza, futhi izingxenye ezingenhla nezimaphakathi zendlu ziseduze nendawo yokuhlangana yegiya, elungele ukuqapha okunye ukwehluleka kwegiya.

Gxila ekuhlaziyweni kwemvamisa ye-sideband

Okwemishini enejubane eliphansi kanye nokuqina okuphezulu, lapho kugqokwa ama-bearings ebhokisini legiya, i-vibration amplitude yemvamisa yesici sokuhluleka ukuthwala ngokuvamile ayifani nalokho, kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kokwehluleka kokugqoka okuthwala, ama-harmonics imvamisa yesici sokuhluleka kokuthwala i-harmonic.Izovela ngamanani amakhulu, futhi kuzoba nenani elikhulu lamabhande aseceleni azungeze la maza.Ukwenzeka kwalezi zimo kubonisa ukuthi ukuthwala kulahlekelwe kakhulu futhi kudinga ukushintshwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lapho uhlaziya idatha, cabangela kokubili izakhiwo zesizinda se-spectral nesikhathi

Lapho i-gearbox yehluleka, kwesinye isikhathi ukudlidliza kwesici ngasinye esinephutha akushintshi kakhulu kumdwebo we-spectrum.Akunakwenzeka ukwahlulela ubukhulu bephutha noma inani eliqondile lejubane le-intermediate drive shaft, kodwa lingadluliselwa kumdwebo wesizinda sesikhathi.Imvamisa yomphumela wokuhlaziya ukuthi iphutha lisobala noma isivinini se-drive shaft silungile.Ngakho-ke, ukuze unqume ngokunembile isivinini sokujikeleza somshini wokudlulisela ngamunye noma imvamisa yomthelela yephutha elithile, kuyadingeka ukucacisa kokubili umdwebo we-spectrum wokudlidliza kanye nomdwebo wesizinda sesikhathi.Ikakhulukazi, ukunqunywa kwemvamisa yomndeni wemvamisa ye-harmonics engavamile ayinakuhlukaniswa nokuhlaziywa okusizayo komdwebo wesizinda sesikhathi.

Kungcono ukukala ukudlidliza ngaphansi komthwalo ogcwele wamagiya

Linganisa ukudlidliza kuka-gearbox ngaphansi komthwalo ogcwele, okungabamba isignali yephutha ngokucacile.Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho umthwalo uphansi, amanye amasignali anephutha azosindwa ngamanye amasignali ku-gearbox, noma ashintshwe amanye amasignali futhi kube nzima ukuwathola.Yiqiniso, uma iphutha lokuthwala libucayi, ngomthwalo ophansi, isignali yephutha ingabanjwa ngokucacile ngisho nangobubanzi besivinini.